Application of light-based environmental remediation technology to reduce harmful substances in a traditional nursery pig farm

Effective environmental sanitation is essential for limiting pathogen transmission and maintaining animal and worker health in pig production facilities. However, conventional chemical cleaning and disinfection practices may generate residues and impose additional environmental burdens. This study evaluated a novel, non-chemical environmental remediation system based on light-emitting diode (LED) technology during the nursery stage at a traditional pig farm. Following installation of the new-generation hazardous-substance-reducing LED fixtures, airborne bacterial counts decreased by 28.5%. Concentrations of ammonia (NH₃), ethylene (C₂H₄), PM2.5, and PM10 decreased by 85.5%, 45.8%, 59.3%, and 47.4%, respectively. Each 4-foot LED fixture consumed 15.8 W, compared with 40 W for the fluorescent fixture previously used. For 32 fixtures operated for 12 h/day, the estimated annual electricity saving was 2,214.528 kWh. Using an electricity emission factor of 0.474 kg CO₂e/kWh, this saving corresponds to an estimated annual reduction of approximately 1.6077 metric tons of CO₂e. These findings indicate that the LED system can improve air quality and microbial control in nursery pig housing while simultaneously reducing energy consumption and associated carbon emissions. The technology therefore represents a promising approach for improving environmental management and supporting low-carbon livestock production.