Antidiabetic Activity of an Optimized Polyherbal Dispersible Tablet of Terminalia arjuna, Moringa oleifera, and Syzygium cumini in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and associated metabolic complications. The present study was conducted to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of a polyherbal dispersible tablet containing Terminalia arjuna, Moringa oleifera, and Syzygium cumini in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Acute oral toxicity was evaluated according to OECD guideline No. 423, and no mortality or severe toxic effects were observed up to 2000 mg/kg, indicating that the polyherbal tablet formulation was found to be safe. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, i.p.), and animals were treated orally with the polyherbal formulation (PHF) and polyherbal tablet (PHT) at a dose of 150 mg/kg for 14 days. Body weight, blood glucose levels, and histopathological changes in pancreatic tissue were evaluated. The diabetic control group showed significant hyperglycemia and reduction in body weight, whereas treatment with PHF and PHT significantly reduced blood glucose levels and improved body weight compared to diabetic control animals. Histopathological studies revealed restoration of pancreatic architecture and partial restoration of pancreatic islets in treated groups. The study concludes that the optimized polyherbal dispersible tablet possesses significant antidiabetic activity and may be useful for diabetes management.