The Effect of Green Tea Extract (Camellia sinensis) on Renal Histopathology in Cigarette Smoke-Exposed Mice (Mus musculus)

Cigarette smoke exposure induces oxidative stress that can cause renal histopathological damage. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) contains polyphenols, particularly epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which possess potent antioxidant activity. This study aimed to analyze the effect of green tea extract administration on renal histopathology in cigarette smoke-exposed mice. This experimental study utilized 25 male mice (Mus musculus) aged 12 weeks, divided into five groups: C- (negative control), C+ (cigarette smoke exposure), T1 (cigarette smoke exposure + GTE 20 mg/kg BW), T2 (cigarette smoke exposure + GTE 40 mg/kg BW), and T3 (cigarette smoke exposure + GTE 60 mg/kg BW). Treatment was administered for 36 days. Parameters observed included glomerular necrosis, tubular cell necrosis, and tubular cell degeneration using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Data was analyzed using Kruskal-Walli’s test followed by Mann-Whitney test. The C+ group demonstrated significant histopathological damage with scores of glomerular necrosis (7.12±1.22), tubular cell necrosis (5.09±0.75), and tubular cell degeneration (3.31±0.55) compared to C- (p<0.05). GTE administration reduced damage scores in a dose-dependent manner. The 60 mg/kg BW dose (T3) provided the most optimal protective effect with scores of glomerular necrosis (3.13±0.87), tubular cell necrosis (3.04±0.47), and tubular cell degeneration (1.52±0.56), showing no significant difference from C- for the degeneration parameter (p>0.05). Green tea extract exhibits protective effects against renal histopathological damage induced by cigarette smoke exposure, with an optimal dose of 60 mg/kg BW.