Pharmacognostic and therapeutic insights into Hibiscus sabdariffa L. and its cultivation in Qarshi Botanical Garden

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. commonly known as roselle, is a multipurpose plant widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. It has attracted significant scientific interest due to its nutritional richness and pharmacological potential. The plant possesses diverse bioactive compounds including anthocyanins, flavonoids, organic acids and polysaccharides, which contribute to its medicinal value. This review summarizes current knowledge on the botany, ecology, nutritional composition, phytochemistry and medicinal properties of H. sabdariffa, emphasizing its antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective and anticancer activities. Beyond its medicinal uses, this review also highlights its application in agriculture and industrial sector.