Performance of advanced bread wheat lines and cultivars under late sowing during the crop season 2022-2023

Thirty-nine advanced bread wheat lines and cultivars Borlaug 100 and CIANO M2018 were sown on January 15 and 30, 2023, at the Norman E. Borlaug Experimental Station, in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico. Plots consisted of 1 bed 2 m long with two rows and 0.80 m apart with two replications, and a seed density of 100 kg ha-1 with two complementary irrigations. Average daily temperature (°C), maximum, minimum, relative humidity, rainfall, heat and cold units were recorded from January 15 to May 15, 2023. The average days for heading of the group was 72 for the first sowing date and 67 for the second one, while days for physiological maturity were 106 and 99, respectively. The average plant height of the group for the first date was 90.3 cm and 80.5 for the second one; the line SOKOLL/3/PASTOR//HXL7573 /2*BAU/4/WBLL4//OAX93.24.35/WBLL1/5/D67.2/PARANA66.270//AE.SQUARROSA(320)/3/CUNNINGHAM/4/ VORB showed the highest average height with 97.5 cm. The average a thousand grain weight was 36.8 g; the line TACUPETOF2001/6/CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA(205)//BORL95/3/PRL/SARA//TSI/VEE#5/4/FRET2/5/CIRO16 showed the highest average TGW with 46.2 g. The average grain yield per plot was 380 g; sister line VORB//PARUS/PASTOR/4/MUTUS//KIRITATI/2*TRCH/3/WHEAR/KRONSTADF2004 (PTSS17Y00217S-0B-099Y-099M-35Y-0Y) showed the highest average yield with 504 g which corresponded to 6.30 t ha-1, followed by SOKOLL/WBLL1/5/CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA(205)//BORL95/3/PRL/SARA//TSI/VEE#5/4/FRET2/6/SOKOLL/3/ PASTOR//HXL7573/2*BAU/5/CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA(205)//BORL95/3/PRL/SARA//TSI/VEE#5/4/FRET2 with 466 g (5.82 t ha-1). The average hourly temperature was 17.4 °C with a maximum of 34.7 °C and a minimum of 2.6 °C, the average relative humidity was 60.6 %, there were 81.7 mm of precipitation, and the number of heat and cold units was 187 and 510, respectively.