Advance in gold nanoparticle- mediated drug delivery system

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as versatile platforms for biomedical applications, particularly in cancer research, diagnostics, and therapy. AuNPs exhibit unique optical, electrical, and photothermal properties, making them ideal for sensing, imaging, and targeted therapy. Recent advancements in AuNP synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and applications are highlighted. Various methods, including chemical reduction, green synthesis, and hydrothermal synthesis, can produce AuNPs with controlled sizes and shapes. AuNPs have shown potential in cancer treatment, including ferroptosis induction, drug delivery, and imaging. However, limitations remain concerns. Future directions focus on enhancing stability, biocompatibility, targeting, and drug delivery capacity. AuNP-mediated drug delivery systems offer advantages over traditional medications and other nanocarriers.