In silico genomic analysis of heat shock protein 70 in poultry under tropical conditions

The negative effect of climate change predisposes farm animals under tropical conditions to heat stress, which limit their productivity. This has necessitated the search for livestock with suitable adaptive genotype. Limited records exist for livestock with high genetic adaptability hence, selection for the most suitable breeding stock remain difficult. This study attempt to use genomic characteristics of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in common meat type birds as biomarker for selecting breeding stock of high genetic merit for tolerance. In silico expasy translate tool analysis revealed that heat shock protein 70 gene in chicken (Gallus gallus) and Japanese quail (Cortinux japonica) are on chromosome 30 and contain 2 and 3 exons linked to 67 and 45 introns, respectively while, in turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) and guinea fowl (Numida meleagris), HSP70 gene is located on chromosome 24 and 28, respectively. They also contain 2 and 4 exons interspersed by 41 and 38 introns, respectively. The variations in chromosomal locations validates differences observed in the adaptation and geographical spread of studied animals. It may also provide new insight into cellular response to heat stress and adaptive mechanism which is necessary in selection. Functional properties and physiological structures resisting thermal stress needs further investigation.