A pilot study on determination of dietary intake of geriatric epileptic patients

Epilepsy, a complex neurological condition, stems from multifaceted factors, including genetic predispositions and various triggers. The elderly, a rapidly growing demographic globally, encounter an increased risk of seizures. In India, a significant population lives with epilepsy, notably more prevalent in rural areas. Moreover, malnutrition and epilepsy exhibit a complex relationship, potentially influencing each other's onset and progression. Geriatric individuals with epilepsy often face sedentary lifestyles and potential weight-related concerns due to medication. This pilot study aimed to assess the nutrient profile of geriatric patients with epilepsy. A quantitative research approach was adopted; studying 30 individuals aged 60 to 80 years at a private neurology hospital in Tamil Nadu. Data was collected through interviews and dietary assessments, including the 24-hour recall and food frequency methods. Statistical analysis using SPSS provided insights into nutrient intake among the participants. Results indicated that while certain nutrients met recommended levels, fat and carbohydrate intake exceeded the prescribed amounts. Additionally, dietary patterns varied among different types of seizures. Despite differences, no statistical significance was found. Food frequency analysis revealed varied consumption patterns, notably lower intake of fruits and vegetables among the epilepsy geriatric patients. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the nutritional needs of individuals with epilepsy, particularly in the geriatric population, to formulate personalized dietary interventions for improved seizure management and overall health.