The effect of anthocyanin of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas L) on cervical malondialdehyde levels of female rats (Rattus Norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke

Cigarette smoke contains oxidants that generate the production of free radicals. Free radical is a form of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). However, an increase in ROS production will cause an imbalance between ROS and antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress will induce lipid peroxidation, measurable by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Anthocyanin is an exogenic antioxidant able to inhibit ROS. This study aimed to prove the effect of anthocyanin obtained from purple sweet potato to decrease MDA concentration in the cervix uterine of female rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke. This study was an experimental study with a Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design on 30 white female rats weighing 150-200 grams and aged 1.5-2 months, divided into 2 control groups and 3 treatment groups. One group was exposed to cigarette smoke (2 cigarettes/day) for 8 weeks without anthocyanine as the positive control group, and one group was not exposed to either cigarette smoke or anthocyanin as the negative control group. The 3 treatment groups received cigarette smoke exposure (2 cigarettes/day) and were given anthocyanin with a dosage of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/day, respectively, for 8 weeks. The concentration of cervical MDA was measured by the spectrophotometric method. The result showed a significant difference in MDA concentration between the positive control and the negative control groups with a P<0.05. There was no significant difference between the 20 and 40 mg/kg treated groups compared to the positive control group. The 80 mg/kg anthocyanin-treated group showed a significant difference in MDA cervix uterine concentration compared to the positive control group with a P<0.05.