Tailoring of clindamycin hydrochloride IPN hydrogel scaffold for periodontal plaques treatment

Periodontal disease is an oral infectious and inflammatory disease caused by microorganisms that determine the host-mediated destruction of soft and hard periodontal tissues, which ultimately leads to tooth loss. Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic with a broad spectrum, has been used in periodontal treatment both systemically and locally. Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels are cross linked by two or more polymer networks, providing free volume space in the 3D network structure, and providing conditions for the sustained and controlled release of drugs. Clindamycin hydrochloride IPN hydrogel were prepared by chemical crosslinking method and optimized by 3² full factorial design. The gel was formulated by using different gelling agents (Chitosan, Sodium CMC and Sodium alginate) and with varying concentrations of PVA (3, 4, 5% w/v). The prepared hydrogel formulations were evaluated for physical appearance, grittiness, pH, spredability, % swelling, drug content, viscosity and in-vitro diffusion study.  Drug-excipients compatibility studies were performed by DSC and FT-IR analysis.  All gel formulations showed acceptable physico-chemical and rheological properties and results were found to be within the limits. Drug-excipients compatibility studies showed that there no interaction between the drug ad selected excipients. The optimized formulation with sodium alginate as polymer and 5% PVA concentration was prepared and evaluated. It produced desired viscosity, % swelling index and controlled drug release up to 8 hrs. These findings strongly suggested the great potential use of this IPN hydrogels in antibiotic delivery systems for successful periodontal treatment.