The role of family’s sociodemographic status at incidence of stunting in Senggreng village, Malang regency

Nutritional problems are still a major public health problem in Indonesia. Malnutrition generally occurs in toddlers because, at that age, children experience rapid growth. One of the health indicators that is assessed for its success in achieving the SDGs is the nutritional status of children under five. Toddlers are a group that is vulnerable to malnutrition, which will be marked by stunting. Stunting (shortness) is a linear growth disorder caused by chronic malnutrition or chronic or recurrent infectious diseases, as indicated by a z-score for height for age (height/age) less than -2 SD. Cases of stunting in children can be used as a predictor of the low quality of a country's human resources. Stunting causes poor cognitive ability, low productivity, and an increased risk of disease, resulting in long-term losses for Indonesia. This study used an analytic observational method and was conducted in the working area of Sanggreng Village, Malang Regency and the data analysis uses SPSS. In this study, 24 stunting samples were taken from the child population in Sanggreng Village, Malang district. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the proportion of male stunting and female was almost the same. Parental education and work were not related to intake of stunting (p> 0.05). According to the study results, the most dominant cause of stunting is a history of exclusive breastfeeding. Toddlers who get exclusive breastfeeding have a 9.3 times smaller risk of stunting than toddlers who don't get exclusive breastfeeding, or exclusive breastfeeding provides a protective effect against stunting in toddlers. This is due to the proportion of stunting problems found at the age of less than 2 years. Ideally, a child will receive exclusive breastfeeding until the age of 6 months. In this study, exclusive breastfeeding was given at most until the age of 20–24 months (9%) and then at the age of 6–9 months. In this study, it was also found that 18 children had been given breast milk at the beginning of 6 months of life (18%), and 4 other populations were given breast milk and other foods in the form of formula milk.