Prevalence and Epidemiological Factors of Gastrointestinal Nematode Infections in Sheep Slaughtered at Tamboul Slaughterhouse, Gezira State, Sudan

Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections are a major constraint to small-ruminant production worldwide, causing significant health and economic losses. In Sudan, these infections remain endemic, yet regional epidemiological data are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, species composition, and risk factors associated with GIN infections in sheep slaughtered at the Tamboul Slaughterhouse, Gezira State, Sudan. A total of 80 sheep were examined using standard parasitological techniques, including flotation and direct faecal-smear methods. Data on sex and age were recorded for statistical analysis. The association between infection prevalence and host factors was assessed using the chi-square test. Of the examined animals, 14 (18%) were positive for GIN infection. Females (18%) and adults (>12 months, 18%) showed slightly higher prevalence rates than males (17%) and younger animals, though the differences were not statistically significant (χ² = 0.02–0.21, p > .05). Identified nematodes included Nematodirus spp., Strongylid spp., Trichuris spp., Haemonchus spp., and Toxocara spp., with Nematodirus spp. being the most prevalent. Gastrointestinal nematodes are endemic among sheep in the Tamboul area, posing a persistent challenge to productivity. Effective control strategies including regular deworming, improved husbandry practices, and seasonal surveillance are essential to mitigate infection and enhance flock health and performance.